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Corporate carbon footprint verification

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Under ISO 14064-3, in line with the GHG Protocol

Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions: the full inventory or selected scopes

Result: a verification statement for customers, banks, CDP, SBTi and ESG reports

An independent third party. Usual time: 2–6 weeks

Talk to us about verifying your carbon footprint.

Definition

What is corporate carbon footprint verification?

Carbon footprint verification is a check by an independent third party. It confirms that your greenhouse gas statement (your GHG inventory) follows the agreed criteria: ISO 14064-1 or the GHG Protocol. We work under ISO 14064-3. This standard sets the rules for the verifier, the plan, the evidence and the conclusion. A verified inventory makes your data more credible to your managers, partners, lenders and ESG report readers.

Verifying is not the same as calculating. To calculate a footprint, you list your emission sources and convert them to tonnes of CO₂e. To verify it, an outside party checks that this list is complete, correct and in line with the criteria.

Who it is for

Who needs carbon footprint verification?

It matters most for:

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companies that report climate data under ESRS E1 (CSRD) and need reliable GHG data. Note that GHG verification under ISO 14064-3 is a separate service from assurance of the whole sustainability statement,

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suppliers to global customers who want emissions data checked by a third party,

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companies that report to CDP, are rated by EcoVadis, submit targets to SBTi or seek climate-linked loans, if the programme or lender expects it,

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companies that want to base their reduction plans and climate claims on data checked by an outside party.

Before we take the job, we agree how you will use the result. We also check what the data user needs: the standard, the level of assurance, the scope and the status of the verification body. So you know from the start if our work fits your needs.

Process

How does carbon footprint verification work?

We work as auditors under ISO 14064-3, in seven steps from taking the job to issuing the statement:

01

Job check and impartiality

We check that we can take the job. We took no part in the calculations and have no conflict of interest. Our team has the right skills for your sector and scope. We agree who will use the result and what they need.

02

Objective, scope, criteria and level of assurance

We agree the objective, the boundaries, the reporting period and the criteria (ISO 14064-1 or the GHG Protocol). We also agree the level of assurance: limited or reasonable. We write all this in the verification plan.

03

Risk and materiality

We find where errors are most likely and matter most, for example large Scope 3 categories or estimated data. We set the materiality threshold for the whole inventory and for each scope.

04

Data, evidence and samples

We trace selected values from the report back to source documents: invoices, meter readings, summaries and contracts. We check emission factors, formulas, totals and the audit trail. The risk check sets the sample size.

05

Questions and corrections

We send you a list of findings and questions. You explain or correct the data. We then judge if any remaining gaps are material to the conclusion.

06

Independent review

Before we issue the statement, a person who took no part in the work reviews the files and the conclusion. Only after their approval do we sign the statement.

07

Verification statement

We issue the verification statement at the end of a successful process.

We can check your full inventory: direct emissions (Scope 1), indirect emissions from energy (Scope 2) and value chain emissions (Scope 3). We can also check only selected scopes or categories. The statement always sets out the scope, so the reader knows exactly what we checked.

Assurance

Levels of assurance

ISO 14064-3 has two levels of assurance. They differ in the type of evidence, the depth of the work and the form of the conclusion, not in “quality”. We always act as an independent third party.

01

Limited assurance

The verifier relies mainly on data analysis, questions and a review of documents, with few detailed tests. The conclusion is negative in form: “nothing has come to our attention that the GHG statement does not meet the criteria”.

02

Reasonable assurance

The verifier collects more evidence: larger samples, tests of internal controls and detailed tests of source data. The conclusion is positive in form: “the GHG statement meets the criteria in all material respects”. It takes more work on both sides.

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Which level should you choose?

The level of assurance is not a choice between a “better” and a “worse” service. The intended user of the result decides: a reporting programme, a customer, a bank or a regulator. By default, we propose limited assurance. If the user sets no level, we agree it with you before we start.

Impartiality

How do we ensure impartiality?

A verifier is only worth something if it is independent of what it checks. So at EXERGY, calculating and verifying a carbon footprint are two separate services, and we check every job for impartiality.

Rules for every job

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We do not verify work by EXERGY or related parties. We do not check reports, analyses or statements that EXERGY prepared or helped with. In that case, we tell you to find another verifier.

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Cooling-off period after consulting. People who advised on a statement take no part in checking it for at least two years.

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No link to consulting. We do not sell verification in a package with consulting. We never suggest that our consulting makes it easier or cheaper.

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Fees do not depend on the result. The price is fixed. It does not depend on the type of statement or on whether we issue one.

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Risk check before every job. We find and record threats to impartiality. We turn down jobs where we cannot be impartial.

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Separate roles. The review before the statement is done by a person who took no part in the work or its planning. Every team member signs a no-conflict-of-interest declaration for each job.

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Right to complain and appeal. Every client can appeal against a decision, and anyone concerned can file a complaint, with no harm to them.

What we check

What exactly do we check?

01
Organisational boundaries

The consolidation approach (operational control, financial control or equity share) and its use for all entities.

02
Reporting boundaries

Which sources and categories are in the inventory and which are left out. We check that exclusions are justified and disclosed.

03
Complete emission sources

Whether the inventory covers all installations, vehicles, refrigerants, processes and sites.

04
Scope 2: location-based and market-based

Both methods are correct, contracts such as guarantees of origin and PPAs are sound, and all follows the GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance.

05
Choice of Scope 3 categories

Whether the check of all 15 categories is documented and exclusions are justified.

06
Emission factors

Source, year, units, GWP set (for example AR5 or AR6) and fit with the activity data.

07
Quality of primary and secondary data

The share of measured and estimated data, the quality of secondary sources and the stated uncertainty.

08
Base year and recalculations

Your base year recalculation policy and how you use it after mergers, takeovers and method changes.

09
Data consolidation

Data from many sites and systems: complete, with no double counting and with the same units.

10
Formulas and conversions

We redo the calculations for selected items, from source data to the result in tCO₂e.

11
Audit trail

Whether each value in the inventory leads back to a source document and a responsible person.

12
Disclosures and method

Whether the report shows the assumptions, limits and changes since the last period.

Input data

What data do we need?

Scope 1
—Carbon footprint report (Scope 1)
—Calculation method and assumptions
—Fuel invoices: gas, oil, coal
—Vehicle fuel use records
—Refrigerant records, if relevant
Scope 2
—Carbon footprint report (Scope 2)
—Electricity invoices
—Contracts with energy suppliers
—Guarantees of origin (GOs)
—District heating and cooling records
Scope 3
—Carbon footprint report (Scope 3)
—Lists of purchased goods and services
—Logistics documents: weight, distance, transport mode
—Business travel and commuting records
—Waste and sold products records
Benefits

What are the benefits of carbon footprint verification?

A verified carbon footprint has real business value:

Credibility and trust

Customers and partners get emissions data checked by a third party under ISO 14064-3, with a clear scope and level of assurance.

Ready for ESG reports

Verified data can support CDP, EcoVadis and ESG reports. Before we start, we confirm what each data user needs.

A basis for your reduction plan

Reliable emissions data helps you improve your plan to cut CO₂ and choose actions that work.

An edge in the supply chain

You can show the statement to a customer who asks for third-party data, with no need to explain your method again.

Lower risk

An outside check of your data lowers the risk of greenwashing claims and makes your climate messages stronger.

Why us

Why verify your carbon footprint with EXERGY?

Under ISO 14064-3

Criteria: ISO 14064-1 or the GHG Protocol. You can use the statement for CDP, SBTi target validation and sustainability reports, within the scope it covers.

Strong track record

We have worked on carbon footprints since 2017, for companies in chemicals, food, packaging, services and construction. Many specialists on the market trained with us.

On time

88% of projects finished ahead of schedule (2025 data).

Team

Meet the team

Experienced EXERGY specialists run every project with our own proven methods. We do not give consulting work to subcontractors. We have worked in this field since 2017.

Meet the team →
How we work

How do we work with you?

01

First call

You talk to our specialist. We agree who will use the result and what they need. We set the objective, scope, criteria and level of assurance, and the list of documents. We confirm there is no conflict of interest.

02

Proposal

Within one working day, we send you a proposal with the scope, schedule and price.

03

Checking the calculations

We follow the verification plan. We assess risk and materiality, sample source data and test the calculations and the audit trail. You get a list of findings to explain or correct.

04

Verification statement

After the independent review, we issue the verification statement. It is also the verification report, with the conclusion, findings and advice.

Contact

Let's talk about verifying your company's carbon footprint

Do you need an independent check of your emissions under ISO 14064-3, for a customer, a bank, CDP, EcoVadis or ESG reports?

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FAQ

Frequently asked questions about carbon footprint verification

Is carbon footprint verification mandatory?+
Verification under ISO 14064-3 is not a general legal duty. But a customer, a reporting programme (such as CDP or SBTi) or a contract can require it. Separately, some companies under the CSRD must have their sustainability reports assured. That is a different service from GHG verification.
Can EXERGY verify a carbon footprint that its own team calculated?+
No. We do not check reports, analyses or statements that EXERGY or related parties prepared or helped with. People who advised on a statement take no part in checking it for at least two years. In that case, you need another verifier.
Does verification under ISO 14064-3 replace CSRD assurance?+
No. Verification under ISO 14064-3 covers the greenhouse gas statement (the GHG inventory). CSRD assurance covers the whole sustainability statement. A statutory auditor or another body allowed by national law does it. A verified GHG inventory can serve as evidence there, but it does not replace it.
What do materiality and “material misstatement” mean?+
The materiality threshold is the size of an error or gap that could change the decisions of the data user. A material misstatement is an error, or a sum of errors, above this threshold. We note smaller gaps in the report, but they do not change the conclusion.
How do you set the materiality threshold, and is it the same for everyone?+
The default threshold is 5% of the total emissions in the conclusion. With a separate conclusion for each scope, it is 5% for each. We agree it for every job and write it in the verification plan. If a programme or user needs a different threshold, we use theirs. We also look at quality. For example, a category left out without reason, wrong boundaries or a hidden change of method is material.
What is the difference between limited and reasonable assurance?+
They differ in the evidence and in the form of the conclusion. With limited assurance, the verifier relies mainly on data analysis, questions and a review of documents. The conclusion is negative (“nothing has come to our attention…”). With reasonable assurance, the verifier collects much more evidence, such as larger samples and tests of controls. The conclusion is positive (“the inventory meets the criteria in all material respects”). The user of the result decides which level you need.
Can you verify only Scopes 1 and 2, or selected Scope 3 categories?+
Yes. We agree the scope at the start. It can be the full inventory, only Scopes 1 and 2, or selected Scope 3 categories. The statement always sets out the verified scope, so the reader knows which data the conclusion covers.
What happens if you find errors?+
We send errors and gaps to you for correction during the work. We judge any that remain, alone and together, against the materiality threshold. Then we issue an unmodified opinion, a modified opinion (with the reasons) or an adverse opinion. If we cannot collect enough evidence, we decline to issue an opinion.
What documents do I get after a successful verification?+
One document: the verification statement, which is also the verification report. It has a number, the subject and scope, the verified emissions and the criteria. It also gives the level of assurance, the materiality threshold, the work done and the findings. It ends with the conclusion, an impartiality declaration and signatures.
Will the result meet the needs of my data user (CDP, EcoVadis, a bank, a customer)?+
Before we take the job, we agree what you will use the result for. We also check if the user needs a set standard, level of assurance, scope or type of verification body. Programmes such as CDP have their own rules, and these can change. So we confirm them for the year and use in question before we start.
What is the difference between calculating a carbon footprint and verifying it?+
To calculate a carbon footprint, you list your emission sources and convert them to tonnes of CO₂e. To verify it, a third party checks that this list is complete, correct and meets the criteria: ISO 14064-1 or the GHG Protocol.
How long does carbon footprint verification take?+
Usually 2 to 6 weeks. It depends on your size, the number of sites and the scope: Scopes 1–2 or the full inventory with Scope 3. The level of assurance and access to source documents also matter.
Is verification a one-off?+
Verification covers one reporting period. Companies that report every year usually verify each new inventory. This keeps the data consistent and comparable, and it shows progress in cutting emissions.